There are four main asset classes commonly used within the Infrastructure Asset Class, not accounting for hybridisation, being:
- Equity
- Non-recourse or limited recourse debt
- Full recourse or corporate debt, including bonds
- Derivative instruments, particularly used for hedging.
In addition, there are a number of risk overlay products which transfer various portions of the risk of investment into infrastructure transactions to third parties. Setting aside the obvious example of physical damage and business interruption insurances, these are, in particular, Export Credit Agency products and political risk insurance.